Artist
Edouard Manet(French, 1832–1883)French, 1832–1883
CultureFrench
Titles
- The Toilers of the Sea
Date1873
PlaceBerck (Berck-sur-mer), France
MediumOil on canvas
DimensionsCanvas: 25 × 31 1/4 in. (63.5 × 79.4 cm)
Frame: 36 1/2 × 42 1/2 × 4 1/4 in. (92.7 × 108 × 10.8 cm)
Frame: 36 1/2 × 42 1/2 × 4 1/4 in. (92.7 × 108 × 10.8 cm)
Credit LineJohn A. and Audrey Jones Beck Collection, museum purchase funded by Audrey Jones Beck
Object number92.171
Current Location
The Audrey Jones Beck Building
222 Beck Galleries
On view
Explore Further
Department
European Art, Beck CollectionSpecial Collections
Object Type
[1] Faure was a composer and an art collector. Through his friendship with Paul Durand-Ruel, Faure was introduced to the work of Manet, whose paintings he began buying in 1873. Twenty-four paintings and watercolors by the artist from Faure’s collection were exhibited in 1906 in Paris, London, Berlin, and Stuttgart and he began selling them at this time. “Faure, Jean-Baptiste,” National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC website: https://www.nga.gov/collection/provenance-info.10227.html#biography (Accessed by Julia May Boddewyn, 1 December 2024).
[2] It appears that Durand-Ruel and Cassirer worked together and were the connection between Faure in Paris and von Mendelssohn in Berlin. According to Duret (1910), this was still in Faure’s collection although this information, found in the 1902 edition, may have been out of date.
[3] Father and son art dealers, Peter joined his father Fritz, respectively, in the business in 1953. Originally in Munich, the gallery moved first to St. Gallen, Switzerland, in 1936, and then to Zurich in 1951. Yoon, Hyewon, "Fritz Nathan," The Modern Art Index Project (September 2022), Leonard A. Lauder Research Center for Modern Art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://doi.org/10.57011/KVDP4508 (Accessed by Julia May Boddewyn, 1 December 2024). The label on the strainer, printed “Drs. F. u P.N. / Zch.” Suggests that they had this in Zurich. The handwritten inventory number is 755.
[4] The Salz sales records, digitized on the website of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, are limited to the 1940s. https://libraryimage.nga.gov/mirador/?manifest=https://libraryimage.nga.gov/manifest/ic/991746403804896.json (Accessed by Julia May Boddewyn, 21 January 2025).
[5] Mr. and Mrs. Edwin C. Vogel are listed as the owners in Vaudoyer (1955) Mrs. Vogel is inexplicably not included in Sam Salz’s provenance even though she was still alive in June 1960 when Salz sold the painting from their collection.
[6] The Salz label on the reverse has the address: 7 East 76th Street, where the dealer lived after May 1952 and by July 1953, according to his international travel records on passenger ship manifests. https://www.statueofliberty.org/discover/passenger-ship-search/ (Accessed by Julia May Boddewyn, 21 January 2025). It is unclear if the label was affixed to the strainer when the dealer first acquired the painting from the Nathans or when he sold it to the Mudds in 1960.
[7] Invoice from Salz to Mudd in MFAH Object file (confirmed by Julia May Boddewyn, 1 December 2024).
[8] Victoria Nebeker Coberly was the wife of Harvey T. Mudd.
Exhibition History"Exposition des oeuvres de Édouard Manet," École Nationale des Beaux-Arts, Paris, January 1884.
"Exposition de 24 Tableaux et Aquarelles par Manet Formant la collection Faure," Galerie Durand-Ruel, Paris, March 1906.
"Exhibition of Paintings & Watercolors by Manet (Faure Collection)," Sulley & Co.'s Galleries, London, June 1906.
"Édouard Manet: Gemälde, Pastelle, Aquarelle, Zeichnungen," Galerie Matthiesen, Berlin, February–March 1928.
"Exposition Manet," Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris, June 1932.
"Honderd Jaar Fransche Kunst," Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, July–September 1938.
Inscriptions, Signatures and Marks
Signed at bottom center, recto: "Manet"
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