Kati Horna moved to Barcelona in 1937 following the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. She was part of a group of foreign nationals in anarchist political circles that supported Republican opposition to the Franco regime. Horna worked as a photographer and editor for the anarchist weekly publication Umbral, in which this photomontage of a woman’s face superimposed onto the side of a medieval cathedral was published in 1938 as part of a larger spread entitled “We are Fighting Until Death or Victory.” The picture was also published on its own in Libre-Studio with the caption “Spanish women before the revolution.”