Luster ceramics are among the most exquisite and costly-to-produce ceramics in the Islamic world. The shiny, metallic effect of the decoration is created by applying metallic oxides to a previously glazed and fired object, which is subsequently fired in oxygen-free kilns. The lack of oxygen produces a chemical reaction that fixes a thin metallic film on the object’s surface. The decorative repertoire of these vessels includes excerpts of poetry.

 
The city of Kashan, among others, became a prominent center of luster ceramic production in the 12th century, and remained so well after the Mongol invasions of the mid-13th century.