In March of 1847, American ships bombarded fortifications of the Mexican port city of Vera Cruz in advance of a large-scale amphibious assault and a siege of the city. On March 29, Mexican forces surrendered to General Winfield Scott.

Lithographer Nathaniel Currier learned the printing trade as an apprentice at the Boston firm of William and John Pendleton, the first successful lithography firm in the United States. Currier moved to New York City with John Pendleton in the early 1830s and soon established his own firm there. Currier found success producing images of current events and making them available quickly and inexpensively. James Merritt Ives joined the firm in 1852 and became a partner in 1857.